Sugar mama Review Essay Example

Sugar mama Review Paper Essay on Sugar mama For a long time, neither of which he could not say good things about Russian literature. Already ten years our absolutely nothing to show the world, even Limonov and Pelevin stopped writing at least that is more or less decent. And all because of a very terrible secondary of each new book. There is always the feeling that somewhere youve already read it all But not this time, the book is really worthy of translation into other languages. The action takes place in Havana, at the radio station, and then at the dacha outside Moscow. And constantly compares national mentalities. The book tells about the Russians inability to truly love and be truly happy, or about how Havana prostitutes ( rider) and local sorcerers are full-fledged members of the Cuban society. About how an art dealer and a school teacher can easily be also a pimp. Havana last place in the world where prostitutes are making love, not sex. And the protagonist of course the Marlboro Man, who has the biggest dick in the w orld, and with the help of his dignity, he decided no one dozen global political problems, having trained in parallel Carnegie art of communication. But Marlborough uchuvstvuet no visible effect, it hides behind the lines of the book in the dialogues of heroes, who love to mention it in various parables, with a hint of Zen Buddhism. Marlboro Man, that something in the nature of the new saint for our world, that he must save. He teaches us to listen to your inner voice and be in harmony with yourself.  «One day, when the Marlboro Man sold his calves, he was approached by Henry Ford, who worry the question of what should be the best in the American car. How much gobies, son? said Ford in Marlborough -. Tell this idiot that you have the largest penis prompted the internal voice We will write a custom essay sample on Sugar mama Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sugar mama Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sugar mama Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer -. I have the biggest penis in Texas said Marlborough Ford . So, Henry Ford made American cars the worlds largest  » and the moral is, if you have at least one advantage, that it is necessary to use it and then you will find your place in the world. and of course we can not forget about Hemingway, what a Havana without him. The entire novel imbued with the spirit of his books. The local bars are still lying branches of mint for mahito waiting for his return. The story comes from different persons, from bitchy Muscovite finishing angels destiny. This helps to more fully understand what is happening the action. In general, I advise everyone to this book. I do not think that in the near future in Russia will be more stories of this level.

Kin Words

Kin Words Kin Words Kin Words By Maeve Maddox The other night a local television anchorman, not noted for a large or literary vocabulary, surprised me with the following: I feel such a kinsmanship with these survivors. The anchor’s sentiment was kind, but kinsmanship is out of place in modern English. Kinsmanship has an entry in the OED, and Emily Dickinson (1830- 1886) used it. It shows up on the Ngram Viewer, but at a minuscule percentage compared to the far more common kinship. And Word’s spellchecker underlines it in red. It’s safe to say that kinsmanship has been replaced by kinship as the modern English word to describe a sense of fellow feeling. A kinsman is â€Å"a blood relation,† but the word is not common in ordinary speech. It has a literary feel, as in the title Two Noble Kinsmen. Both kinsman and kinship derive from the same Old English noun: cynn, a word with several meanings, one of which is â€Å"people related by blood.† From the same word we also get kind in the sense of class or group. Kinship is what one feels for people with whom we identify in some way, people who are of the same kind as we. Here are some recent uses of kinship on the Web: Quecreek  survivor feels kinship  with Chile miners.   When two  firefighters  meet for the first time, they will  feel  a  kinship  with each  other that transcends many other examples of mutual hobbies or interests. Why do so many feel a connection - be it kinship or competition - with utter strangers just because they share a name? Kids who’ve lost limbs find kinship at Camp No Limits on Lake  Coeur  d’Alene The nouns kin and kinfolk refer to people related by blood ties: I had, it seemed to me, hundreds of kin- aunts, uncles, cousins, second cousins- near the small town of Oak Hill, Ohio. By adolescence, â€Å"what to do with Eleanor† began to concern her Roosevelt kin. Arab immigrants are bound to each other by strong  family  ties, and most want to live and work  close  to  kin.   While Arthur was serving in the New York militia during the conflict, his wife privately sympathized with the Confederacy, for which many of her Virginia kinfolk were fighting. A qualitative approach was used to look into the experiences of male caregivers in offering to look after kinfolk with harsh psychological sickness. The expression â€Å"next of kin† means â€Å"the closest living relative† and is often used in a legal context: Historically, the next of kin have exercised proprietary rights in the control of dead bodies. If the person is under 18, the parent, legal guardian, custodian or next of kin may have authority to apply on the person’s behalf. Police are withholding the name of the deceased, pending notification of next of kin. Finally, the idiom kith and kin means friends and family. The noun kith is related to the archaic adjective couth, known or familiar. Kith are people one is acquainted with. Here are examples of this idiom: People helped each other and expected help in  return. This included soldiers who assumed  kith and kin  would help the wives and children they left behind. As the album title suggests, Selways songs are laced with references to his  kith and kin. I had  neither kith nor kin  in England, and was therefore as free as air.   â€Å"Mind you,† said the  old man, â€Å"even if I make good on this reef, Ive  neither kith nor kin to leave my money to.   Note: Kin is frequently used alone, but kith seems always to be linked to kin Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Regarding Re:25 Russian Words Used in English (and 25 More That Should Be)Sentence Adverbs

An Overview Of The Transformation And The Expected Changes Of Middle Easts Air Travel Industry

An Overview Of The Transformation And The Expected Changes Of Middle East's Air Travel Industry Introduction: Over the past decade, there has been momentous change in the air travel industry in the Middle East. The rapid expansion of three Gulf-based airlines and the development of three major air travel hubs in the region has brought large amounts of new air service to these cities while the growing route networks of these carriers has put great pressure on other established airlines carrying passengers across the Eastern Hemisphere. Fifteen years ago, the region’s air travel market looked very different. A single airline, government-owned carrier Gulf Air, served as the flag carrier for Bahrain, Qatar, Abu Dhabi, and Oman. It operated services to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Oceania; however, lacking a central hub, it did not aim to service passengers traveling between those regions, focusing instead on origin and destination traffic to the Middle East. Traffic between these continents was left to the carriers based on each end of the route. One example of this is the Kangaroo Route wh ich refers to flights between Europe and Australia. Until the 2000’s, the Kangaroo Route was dominated by Qantas and British Airways who operated the flight with intermediate fuel stops in Southern Asia (Schofield, 2012). These long, point-to-point routes lack the efficiency and economies of scale that a centrally-located hub provides. In 1985, Emirates Airline began operations as a small carrier based in Dubai. This airline would eventually become a major rival to Gulf Air and spark the airline boom in the Middle East (â€Å"Our History†, 2012). Beginning in 2002, the states invested in Gulf Air began to withdraw and form their own state carriers with hubs in the capital of each. By 2006, Gulf Air was fully controlled by Bahrain and Qatar Airways, Oman Air, and Etihad Airways in Abu Dhabi had been formed. Since the inception of these carriers, three have grown dramatically through the expansion of their route networks, fleet sizes, and improvements to the airports at which they are based. These are Emirates, Etihad Airways, and Qatar Airways and have come to be known as the Middle East Three or ME3. In this memo, I will analyze the factors that have enabled the expansion of the ME3 and attempt to determine the effect the growth of these companies has had and will have on other air carriers. Findings: Changes in the Air Travel Market Some of the growth in the Middle Eastern air travel market can be attributed to trends that are affecting the industry globally. Long-haul air tickets have fallen over the past decade making intercontinental travel accessible to many more people. In the market for coach-class travel, consumers have become more price-sensitive and tend to opt for the lowest fare over other factors such as comfort or routing. This has led to the launch of numerous no-frills carriers and caused full-service carriers to increase seating capacity and decrease complimentary services in order to lower ticket prices and better compete. On the other hand, in the premium-class air travel market, competition has become centered on providing the most luxurious product in the sky (Smyth, 2008). The ME3 have outdone each other installing showers, private rooms, bars, and even an entire apartment in their first-class cabins. The introduction of codesharing and airline alliances has also enabled airlines to launch r outes that may previously have been unprofitable. Codesharing allows passengers traveling on one airline to seamlessly connect to a partner airline’s flight and stimulates demand for flights between the hubs of partner carriers. The ME3 all have extensive codeshare relationships with airlines from around the world, allowing them to sell tickets to a greater number of destinations and operate fuller flights (â€Å"What the,† 2005). Qatar Airways is also a member of the Oneworld alliance, enabling them to codeshare with all other member airlines as well as coordinate flight schedules and reciprocate frequent flyer benefits. Middle East Demographics and Geography Changes in the demographics and economies of Middle Eastern countries have also caused demand for air service in the region to grow, making expansion of the Middle East Three possible. Gulf nations have seen extreme growth in population largely due to immigration. Qatar’s population has seen average annual growth of around fifteen percent in the past decade (â€Å"Population growth,† 2015), while the United Arab Emirates has experienced a growth rate of around fourteen percent (â€Å"Demographic profile,† 2011). The population of expatriate and migrant workers in the UAE and Qatar has expanded rapidly as well in the past decade. Eighty-four percent of the UAE’s population and ninety percent of its workforce are made up of migrant workers, many of whom come from India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan (Malit, 2013). This has stimulated great demand for flights between Gulf countries and the home countries of their labor forces to serve workers beginning and ending their contracts and returning home to visit family. There has also been large economic growth in the Middle East. The UAE has averaged 4.66 percent year-over-year GDP growth in the past decade (â€Å"United Arab,† 2015), while Qatar has averaged 3.81 percent (â€Å"Qatar GDP,† 2015). This economic prosperity has created demand for skilled workers, especially in the finance and banking sectors. The Dubai Economic Council has even stated that â€Å"Dubai is heavily dependent on expatriates for continued economic growth and development† (Al Awad, 2008). Many of these expatriate workers come from Europe, East Asia, and North America. As companies open new offices in cities such as Doha, Dubai, and Abu Dhabi and send employees to these cities to conduct business, a great deal of corporate travel to the Gulf region is created, allowing air carriers to launch new routes and add capacity to other business hubs. The ME3 also have a geographic advantage. The hub cities of these carriers are located on or near the shortest route between Oceania and Europe and are centrally located in the Middle East region for connections to other cities in the region. They are also located close to the halfway point for travel between Europe and South Asia. These geographic factors make the ME3 ideally situated for handling connecting traffic between these regions using a hub and spoke model. Struggling Legacy Air Carriers The Gulf-based carriers have benefitted from the struggles and downfalls of other air carriers serving routes also covered by the ME3. A few examples of this are Air India, Kingfisher Airlines, and Qantas. State-owned Air India has faced severe financial woes since it chose to â€Å"aggressively dry and wet lease aircraft was taken to increase market share† in 2006 and unsuccessfully merged with Indian Airlines in 2007, according to an aviation analyst (Manju, 2009). They have since greatly reduced the scope of their operations, cutting routes and selling or leasing their long-haul aircraft to other carriers. The airline sold five of its long-haul Boeing 777 aircraft to Middle Eastern rival Etihad Airways and is focusing on growing its short-haul operations (â€Å"Air India,† 2013). Civil Aviation Minister Ajit Sing cited foreign competition as a cause of the troubles saying, â€Å"The airline cannot be complacent as there a lot of new airlines that are coming in. Both the management and employees of Air India must perform or perish† (Phukan, 2013). Another, younger, Indian air carrier, Kingfisher Airlines, did perish after experiencing a financial crisis stemming from its nonpayment of income taxes and subsequent bankruptcy. The carrier, which had been the second-largest in India by market share, suspended all operations permanently in 2012 (â€Å"Kingfisher Airlines,† 2012). The downsizing of Air India and elimination of Kingfisher from the marketplace has presented itself as a great opportunity for the ME3 carriers. Their hubs are geographically well positioned to serve traffic travelling between India and points westward and they are based in countries with large amounts of migrant labor traffic to India. Qantas Airways had historically dominated the Oceania to Europe market with its well-known Kangaroo Route; however the airline’s long-haul operations have been generating significant losses recently, causing the airline to implement cost-cutting measures and begin a restructuring campaign. This has involved Qantas’ elimination of 5,000 jobs, cessation of flights to Europe, growth of its low-cost subsidiaries, and formation of codeshare partnerships with other carriers to carry the airline’s Europe-bound traffic (â€Å"Qantas responds,† 2014). The Middle East-based carriers have again benefitted from this airline’s reduction in service. They have hubs that lie on the straight-line path between Australia and Europe and are capable of handling large amounts of connecting traffic between the regions. Qantas chose to discontinue its former flagship London service in favor of routing passengers through Dubai on flights operated by codeshare partner Emirat es (Leo, 2012). Future for Expansion The future for the Middle East Three continues to be bright. All three carriers have outstanding orders for significant numbers of large, long-haul, widebody aircraft. Qatar Airways has orders for aircraft that will expand its fleet by over 140 percent (â€Å"Our Fleet†). The Emirates fleet will expand by 130 percent and Etihad’s will grow by nearly 200 percent in the next decade (â€Å"Our fleet,† 2015). All of the ME3 carriers operate the world’s largest passenger aircraft, the 500-passenger Airbus A380. Emirates plans to operate a fleet of 140 of these aircraft and is already by far the largest operator of the aircraft type (â€Å"Our Fleet – The Emirates Experience,† 2015). The carriers plan to add new destinations to their route maps as additional capacity is added into the fleet with Qatar Airways opening at least four new cities within the next year. Etihad Airways has been especially aggressive in growing through the acquisition of stakes in other carriers. Etihad has purchased forty-nine percent stakes in struggling carriers Alitalia and Air Serbia, rebranded Switzerland-based Darwin Airlines as Etihad Regional to feed traffic from smaller European cities onto its Geneva to Abu Dhabi flights, and also has large holdings in Air Berlin, Air Seychelles, Virgin Australia, Jet Airways, and Aer Lingus. The airline has begun what it calls the Etihad Equity Alliance made up of all the carriers in which the airline has significant investment (â€Å"Etihad Airways’,† 2013). The airlines cooperate in a similar fashion to those in the big three traditional airline alliances; coordinating schedules, launching co-branded marketing campaigns, and enacting codeshare agreements. The home base hubs of each of the ME3 carriers are also undergoing significant improvement. Doha, Qatar’s airport was recently completely replaced to provide additional facilities for its main tenant, Qatar Airways and improve the passenger experience (â€Å"Hamad International†). The Dubai International Airport, home to Emirates, is currently completing its expansion Master Plan with a new Concourse D and expansion of Terminal 2 to be completed this year (Jain, 2011). Dubai has also opened a brand new airport called Al Maktoum International Airport to which some smaller carriers have moved, making room for the expansion of Emirates at Dubai International (Cohen, 2010). The Abu Dhabi International Airport is also being expanded with two new runways and an entirely new terminal complex to facilitate Etihad Airways’ growth (â€Å"Terminal Complex,† 2014). The expansion of these airports will allow the ME3 to further grow their operations, reduce congestion, and make the hubs more attractive as connecting points for transiting passengers. Response from Other Carriers Naturally, the extreme growth of the air travel market in the Middle East and the expansion of the Gulf-based airlines have impacted other players in the global airline market. This has led other air carriers to make changes to their operations in response. In order to compete with the ME3, Turkish Airlines has expanded their hub operation in Istanbul to accommodate more connecting traffic. Also well-positioned for handling traffic traveling from Europe to Asia, Turkish Airlines seeks to emulate the hub model of the ME3 in order to remain competitive (â€Å"Turkish Airlines,† 2013). The airline is also expanding its aircraft fleet with its fleet slated to expand by about seventy-five percent (â€Å"Turkish Airlines – Fleet,† 2014). Turkish Airlines is also promoting the construction of the Istanbul New Airport to allow the airline to expand further and alleviate congestion at Ataturk Airport. The development of the Middle Eastern air travel market by the ME3 and the population and economic expansion taking place in the area have also led to the launch of several low-cost air carriers in the region who target more price-sensitive travelers flying shorter routes. Air Arabia was founded in 2003 and operates from Sharjah, in an emirate not served by Etihad or Emirates. Profitable since its first year of operation, the airline’s fleet and route network continue to grow. Competing more closely with Dubai-based Emirates, low-cost carrier flyDubai launched in 2009 operating regional routes with coach-configured aircraft (Hofmann, 2009). They also continue to expand their fleet and move closer toward being a full-service carrier with the addition of a Business Class cabin in 2013 (Algethami, 2013). Fierce competition on the part of the ME3 has led to a number of airlines cancelling long-haul routes that are more easily served by the Gulf region’s hubs. As previously mentioned, the end of Qantas’ Kangaroo Route and their opting to partner with Emirates on the route signal that the ME3’s cost and geographic advantages have significantly impacted the operations of other players in the air travel market. British Airways also ended its Australia service and Air New Zealand cut its version of the Kangaroo Route, opting to fly to Europe via the Pacific with a stop in Los Angeles (Schofield, 2012). Numerous routes within the Middle East have also been impacted. Flights to countries such as Iran, Pakistan, and India have also largely been transferred from the local airlines of each nation to the ME3. The rapid growth of the ME3 has also led to some outcry from other airlines regarding possible unfair advantages possessed by the Gulf-based carriers. In the midst of a movement to begin an Open Skies agreement between the United States and United Arab Emirates in which carriers from each nation would have fewer restrictions on the routes and frequencies they operate between the countries, leaders of United, American, and Delta Air Lines recently issued a joint statement to the Department of Transportation in which they accused the ME3 of receiving â€Å"$42.3 billion in â€Å"quantifiable† subsidies since 2004, accompanied by other benefits including breaks on local airport infrastructure and services, exemptions from corporate taxes and advantages from â€Å"opaque† related-party transactions† and that this â€Å"clearly shows there has been subsidization of these carriers,† representing an unfair advantage (Carey, 2015). Conclusions: There are a number of factors that have enabled the Middle East Three to become dominant global air carriers. The near-dissolution of Gulf Air paved the way for three major hubs to form in Doha, Abu Dhabi, and Dubai, each with an independent airline. Increases in the amount of foreign investment and trade in the region have stimulated business traffic and immigration to the Gulf states, leading to greater demand for air travel. Global trends regarding consumer preferences in air travel purchases has helped validate the hub and spoke and high-density coach class configurations used by the ME3. The struggle and failure of other airlines serving destinations also served by the ME3 has allowed these carriers to easily expand into many lucrative markets. The growth of the ME3 has challenged other carriers to remain profitable on several long-haul routes and led to some effectively saying, â€Å"If we can’t beat ‘em, join ‘em,† and forming partnerships with the Gu lf carriers. The ME3 have helped cultivate the air travel market in the Middle East and enable new startup and low-cost carriers to launch. In order to better compete, some airlines, like Turkish, are attempting to emulate the ME3’s East to West hub model. All signs point to the ME3 continuing to expand for the foreseeable future. Each of the airlines has large aircraft orders outstanding and is working on improvements to its hub airport in order to facilitate further growth. The growth of the airline sector has also had a significant impact on the economy of the countries in which the ME3 are based. The Chairman of the Dubai Civil Aviation Authority said that the aviation industry â€Å"will contribute 32 percent to Dubais GDP by 2020† (â€Å"Thriving aviation,† 2014). The Middle East Three have benefitted from very fortunate geographic, demographic, and economic situations in their home region. Good planning and some possible government subsidies have enabled the rapid growth of these companies over the past decade. These carriers have become a force to be reckoned with in the global aviation market.

Discrimination of African Americans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Discrimination of African Americans - Essay Example Malcolm X, who was shot down for his activities and involment against inequality and racism existing in the country. The period of 1955-1968 saw the emergence of the civil rights movements aimed at outlawing racial discrimination against the African Americans and giving them back their right to vote. The emergence of the Black power movement, which lasted from 1966 to 1975? supported the civil rights movement to expand their aims as well as protect racial dignity and freedom from oppression by the whites. In the year 1965? the Voting Rights Act was passed, and it was considered to be the most successful period of civil rights legislation ever adopted by the United States congress. This action of the congress was greatly appreciated and supported by almost all African Americans in many southern parts. All these acts and legislations passed that were passed? during that time? facilitated the eradicaton of ongoing obstructions faced by the African Americans against their right to vote. The situation and condition of the working class in the United States improved immediately? once the country got involved in the World War II. The nation saw a drastic increase in the employment rate from its 1940 levels. Employers were desperate to fill positions required in the production of military equipments, vehicles, weapons and ammunition. The vacancies were open to traditional workforce, women as well as the non-whites who had long been excluded from skilled and high paying industries. The emergence of the Black Panther Party (BPP) saw a dramatic change in the political scenario in the United States during the period. It was a progressive political party that stood for the rights of the working class people in America since the civil war. The BPP was... Rgis paper stresses that there are places where racism exists between the whites and the African Americans. But the situation was much worse during a few decades back. The African Americans had no rights and were totally supressed and oppressed under the power of the whites. Let us take a look at the America as it was after the 1950s. At the beginning of the 1960s, the Americans believed that they were about to witness the golden age or, in other words, the era of golden age was about to begin. On Jan 20, 1961, John.F.Kennedy was elected as The President of the United States. But the golden age was never materialised and the end of the 1960s seemed to be the downfall of the nation. During his presidential campaign, John.F.Kennedy had introduced laws and reforms to eliminate injustice and racism in the country. But these laws did not bring with them solutions to any of the problems faced by African Americans in US. This paper makes a conclusion that it becomes evident that it was because of the joint efforts of a lot of leaders, especially African American ones, that they could restore equal treatment and rights just like the white people had. A lot of processions and demonstrations finally paved way to the world in general to realize the fact that there is no point in racial discrimination, or any kind of discrimination for that matter. People all over the world, especially America opened their eyes to the reality that all human beings are the same despite what his race, religion, caste, ethnicity or nationality may be.

Psychosis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Psychosis - Research Paper Example Suicidal tendency is more among patients with psychosis. It can occur as part of psychological diseases such as bipolar disease, delusions, depression, personality disorders, schizophrenia etc. Lots of reasons are cited for the occurrence of psychosis. Heredity, environment and some physical diseases such as HIV, brain tumor etc can play a pivotal role in causing psychosis. This paper analyses various dimensions such as causes, symptoms, treatment options etc of psychosis. Causes of Psychosis The exact causes of psychosis are still unknown to the medical science. However, psychologists and psychiatrists are of the view that along with biological reasons, heredity and environment also play an important role in causing psychosis. It is not necessary that psychosis is caused by one single reason. In many cases, more than one reason is associated with psychosis. Like most of the other psychological diseases, stress is associated with psychosis. Tough life situations can often generate in tolerable amount of stress. Suppression of stress often results in emotional outbursts or catharsis in the form of psychosis. â€Å"Being born in the winter months, being brought up in a big city, immigration, childhood head injury, stressful life events and use of street drugs† etc are some of the environmental factors which can cause psychosis (What causes psychosis, 2004, p.1). Environment can condition or strengthen some of our behaviors. For example, a person brought up in a city may struggle to adjust with the poor living conditions of a rural area. The luxurious life styles of the city need not be available in rural areas. Sudden changes in living standards or life styles can develop frustration and stress which may lead towards psychosis. I have a friend who has developed psychosis when he got employment in a city. He was an innocent person and was unaware of the malpractices in the city. When he faced challenges from the crooked fellow employees, it was difficult for him to adapt with it and subsequently he developed signs of psychosis and forced to resign from his employment. Genetic factors can also contribute to the development of psychosis. Our brain receives and sends different information and instructions with the help of neurotransmitters, transporters and receptors. Genes, the basic building blocks of our DNA, instruct our body in the protein manufacturing process. Genes can commit mistake in the protein manufacturing process which is often referred as mutation. â€Å"When a mutation occurs in a gene that contains the instructions for a brain protein, like a neurotransmitter, it may contribute to a chemical imbalance in the brain, which is one of the factors in the development of psychosis† (What causes psychosis, 2004, p.1) Alcohol and certain illegal drugs, both during use and during withdrawal can cause psychosis along with Brain tumors, Dementia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, chromosomal disorders, HIV, some pres cription drugs such as steroids and stimulants, Some types of epilepsy and Stroke can cause psychosis (Psychosis, 2010). It is proved scientifically that thyroid problems can cause psychological diseases. In short, heredity, environment and biological factors can contribute to the development of psychosis. Symptoms of Psychosis Confused thoughts, feeling about sped up or slowed down thoughts, preoccupation with unusual ideas, belief in other’

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Essay Example for Free

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Essay a. Round 1 = In this round I removed lichens from the ecosystems. This would have a huge effect on the ecosystem because they play a role in the creation of soil where plants obtain nutrients. If they are taken out it can affect trees and flowers which affect bees, because they depend on them. This also effect humans that depend on the bees for honey and the fruit that the bees help pollinate. b. Round 2 = In this round humans was removed. By removing humans there was a little effect on the ecosystem. We are the top of the food chain and, but our actions do more damage then good for the environment. c. Round 3 = In this round bees was removed. This is a huge problem in today’s environment and effects the pollination of plants. Because of the removal of bees it really affects the ability of plants to produce fruits, which allow humans food. d. Round 4 = In this round flowers was removed. This was an affects to the ecosystem because flowers deliver food for bees. Bees provide honey and pollinate plants. Because of the removal of flowers it eventually removes bees which effect humans and the food chain. 2. Provide one action we as humans engage in that leads to the extinction of each of these components. Action affecting Lichens = Humans affect lichens with air pollution, industrialization and the introduction of sulphur dioxide can kill lichens. (Air Quality and Lichens, 2014) Action affecting Trees = Humans cut down trees to use for lumber, and to expand. This deforestation is the largest way for humans to affect trees. Action affecting Flowers = The way humans are affecting the flowers is by over population and polluting the air with automobiles that can produce acid rain. Action affecting Bees = The actions that humans take to affect bees is by destroying habitats, 3. Provide three specific actions that humans can take to minimize our impact on the ecosystem and ensure the survival of lichens, trees, flowers, and bees. Action 1 = Humans can reduce the amount of pollution that produced by using more efficient automobiles and public transportation. Action 2 = Humans can reduce the amount of pollutants the produce by using more efficient automobiles and public transportation. Action 3 = The other action they can do to minimize the impact on the ecosystem is to recycle this will save the need to destroy habitats for more resources. Experiment 1: Diversity of Plants Table 2: Number of Each Plant Species Present in Pot 1 and Pot 2 Species Observed Number in Pot 1(sunlight) Number in Pot 2(shade) Zinnia 2 1 Marigold 2 2 Morning Glory 3 1 Cosmos 8 4 Ryegrass 3 2 Total Number of Species in Pot: 18 10 POST LAB QUESTIONS 1. Develop a hypothesis on which pot you believe will contain the highest biodiversity. Hypothesis = I believe that the plants that are in the sun will develop the highest biodiversity. 2. Based on the results of your experiment, would you reject or accept the hypothesis that you produced in question 1? Explain how you determined this. Accept/Reject = I accept my hypothesis because the flowers that I grew in the planter that I placed in the sun made the most flowers and different types. 3. If each pot was a sample you found in a group of wildflowers, would you determine based on the diversity of flowers that the ecosystem is healthy? Why or why not. Answer = I was so impressed with the amount of flowers that grew in both environments. In my determination based on the diversity of flowers that the ecosystem is healthy. There was actually a lot of plants in both of the environment but of course the ones in the sunlight had a healthier ecosystem. 4. How does biodiversity contribute to the overall health of an ecosystem? Provide specific examples and utilize at least one scholarly resource to back your answer. Answer = Biodiversity is very important to the health of an ecosystem. The greater species diversity is it ensures natural sustainability for all life forms. It provides natural services such as soil protection, water resources, pollution breakdown, food, medical resources, and future resources, according to Shah (2014). She states â€Å"Each species depends on the services provided by other species to ensure survival. It is a type of cooperation based on mutual survival and is often what a â€Å"balanced ecosystem† refers to†(2014). Crops are used to feed cattle, then the cattle waste nourishes the crops. Crops, as well as yielding grain also yield straw , the straw provides organic matter and fodder, crops are therefore food sources for humans and animals then the soil and organisms such as bacteria and algae serve as nitrogen fixers. Rodents, then aerate the soil and improve its water-holding capacity Spiders, centipedes and insects grind organic matter from the surface soil and leave behind enriched droppings. This large biodiversity is accentual to maintaining health crops and animals for the food supply.

Benefits of Soy :: essays research papers

Benefits of Soy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is said Soy has many nutritional benefits when it comes to males and females. The many compounds it provides for us are known to lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease and cancer (web 1). These are just a couple of the main benefits, there are also many other benefits relating to the usage of Soy. For decades, Soy has only been found in health food stores like GNC. Many à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“normalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? food eaters have also laughed at the ones who have a considerable amount of Soy intake. That seems to be changing now since new researches are finding many other nutritional benefits.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So what is Soy and where did it come from? The soybean is a legume, also known as Glycine max. The United States is the largest grower of soybeans (50 percent of the world crop). It is not known in the wild and is believed to have been created through cultivation from Glycine ussuriensis, a wild Asian wine (web 2). The soybean was considered one of five sacred grains (along with rice, barely, wheat and millet). Growing may be intolerable in cold locations since it cannot tolerate frost. But other than that, soybeans can be grown in most soils, plants mature in 75 to 200 days.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A study conducted at the Brighton Medical Clinic in Victoria, Australia showed that women who were given 1-1/2 ounces of soy flour every day for 3 months lowered the occurrence of hot flashes by 40% (web 1). Hot flashes are a symptom that occurs during menopause, over 80% of women experience this. The healing agents in soy are phytoestrogens, which can block the negative effects of natural estrogen. By blocking overproduction of estrogen, which is thought to cause breast tumors, Soy can lower the overall risk of breast cancer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the article Nutrition Health Review, they state that men can also benefit from Soy. Much attention has been given to how women can benefit from the healthful properties of soy, but new research reveals that men should incorporate soy into their diets as well. In November 2001, researchers from around the world shared their research results at the Fourth International Symposium on the Role of Soy in Preventing and Treating Chronic Disease, in San Diego. Among their key findings: Soy may help slow growth of prostate cancer cells and stabilize the disease in diagnosed patients, and it may reduce blood pressure, which leads to heart disease risk.

Balancing Family & Work Life Essay

I. Introduction A. Thesis Statement Attending school as an adult, and maintaining a source of employment can be a daunting task, as many adults who had to delay their college education must know. One of the most challenging aspects of adult life consists of learning how to adjust accordingly to the rigors of life at home as well as the workplace. Failure to do so can lead to a life of complete disarray, stress, illness and exhaustion. II. Body Paragraph #1 – Topic Sentence #1 Traditionally the typical age group for freshmen in college was between 18 to 19 years of age. That reality has slowly changed as more young adults are finding their way back in the classroom, while holding down a job. The information I found in P.14 of the ebrary book: Families and Work: New Directions in the Twenty-First Century, by Fredriksen-Goldsen, Karen I. states: â€Å"Of the more than 69 million American parents with children under the age of 18 (Famighetti, 1998), almost 90 percent are employed (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1998).† At the same time, there are working professionals attempting to achieve a college education in order to refine their skills, or to gain new ones. Among those working adults, young couples typically tend to have a harder time with managing the broad aspects of life, especially those who are in the early stages of their relationship, which has the potential to result in a lot of growing pains. A. Supporting evidence The information found in an article from the following website; http://pods.dasnr.okstate.edu/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-2421/T-2233web.pdf states: â€Å"Family and work settings have a built-in potential for conflict. Adults may get overwhelmed with the excessive demands that are required of them from either end of the spectrum, leaving them with the feeling of having very little time to accomplish those tasks.† Finding a balance between work and home involves finding ways of accomplishing the tasks at home as well as duties at work. Those responsibilities are often shared among couples in a healthy relationship. The equality of the shared house  chores, however, is up or debate. It has long been stated that the task of maintaining the home primarily fell on the woman’s shoulders, while the man focuses mainly on duties in the workplace. For some married couples, trying to get their husband to help with the housework typically led to domestic disputes. In recent years however, men have been getting more involved with parenting than ever before. A passage from (Giraffe 2011) states: â€Å"The recession of 2008 contributed to this arrangement because increased unemployment left more fathers available to care for their children and the reduced family income made outside childcare services unaffordable.† The traditional view of the American household should change because of an increase in the number of two-parent families entering the labor force. One of the primary services built around that change in society is the daycare system. Many of those two-parent families, as well as single parents may not have direct support from their families to take care of the children while they’re away at work. While some of the household work, such as childcare and housekeeping, has transitioned to outside providers, many working mothers cannot afford to employ these services (Giraffe, 2011). Unfortunately a big portion of their income goes to high daycare fees. III. Body Paragraph #2 – Topic Sentence #2 When the constants demands of life are far too much to bear, employees tend to feel the need to escape, and seek an alternate reality. We must look at the adverse effects that those long work hours have on the human body. Overworked individuals can suffer from work related illnesses as a result of excessive stress. Work related stress can result from extended hours due to mandatory overtime in some case. An employer’s rigid work hours which can prevent employees from tending to occasional issues at home can also be blamed for stress on the job. Employees suffering the effects of stress in the workplace tend to have bouts of absenteeism. A. Supporting evidence Absenteeism in the workplace is a major issue, with tangible and intangible costs. Although the absentee loses wages in the process, the major loss is at the expense of the employer. The ebrary book by Lynn  Tylczak, (Attacking absenteeism 1990), describes the intangible costs of absenteeism as follows: â€Å"Absentee costs are difficult to quantify. Experts estimate direct wage loses of more than $30 billion per year, and that’s just the beginning. Employers also need to consider the costs of supplementary or replacement workers. These costs include: Regular wages, overtime wages, and company benefits Supplementary benefits, such as Social Security, worker’s compensation, and unemployment compensation Administration of recruitment, selection orientation, and training Penalty costs resulting from delays.† The author (Lynn T. 1990) also gives the following explanation from the tangible cost of absenteeism: â€Å"It forces managers to deal with problems of morale, discipline, job dissatisfaction, job stress, team spirit, productivity, turnover, production quality, additional administration and overhead.† Many employers have become more cognizant of the disastrous effects of having stressful employees in the workplace. This is not only calculated in monetary losses based on productivity, but also in the valuable asset (the employee) which could potentially offset those losses. IV. Body Paragraph #3 Topic sentence # 3 Those who value their time with their families certainly appreciate the value of being away from work. This is particularly why a lot of us look forward to our vacation time. It us the opportunity to recharge our batteries and gives us the courage to return to our regular lives. Many employers have adapted to the changes in society by implementing new ways for employees to earn vacation time from work. A. Supporting evidence While some of us are comfortable being â€Å"working stiffs†, most people would rather look forward to their time away from work. An ebrary book by ANDERSON, NELS titled Work and Leisure states: â€Å"Although leisure reflects and supplements work, it is also used as a release from work. Some are of the view that unless a man has worked he cannot really enjoy leisure. They hold that while a man is working to earn a wage or salary, he also ‘earns’ leisure.† It is absolutely true that in order to fully enjoy our vacation time, we must work hard for it. That time of leisure can then be considered our reward for achieving the demands required of us in the workplace. Those who properly plan their vacation can benefit from sights  rarely seen in everyday life. Most people find it more beneficial to take their vacation in some exotic location. The topic on how to enjoy a proper vacation will vary from one employee to the next. V. Body Paragraph #4 Topic sentence # 4 Employers have devised lots of ways to keep valuable talent within their workforce, while allowing them time to accomplish their house work. Those arrangements can be profitable to the employer as well as the employee in some cases. Some of the sensible ways employers provide to employees are flextime, teleworking, and employee incentive just to name a few. A. Supporting evidence Flextime is highly valuable to employees because it allows them to have more control over the balancing act of work and home life. It also provides them the option of choosing when to complete their work. Flextime allows employees to handle personal business such as doctor appointments or school functions without having to take sick leave or vacation time. Employers’ personnel needs are met and they get employees at their best. In highly skilled positions where competition for employees is fierce and employee turnover costly, flexible schedules can also reduce attrition by making employees more content with their jobs (Giraffe, 2011). Teleworking provides some lucky employees the opportunity to work remotely. With this system employees can either work from home or in some shared work spaces. In most cases employees would prefer to work from home because it is the ideal place to work from. This reduces the work commute, and the amount stress to the employee. It takes an especially disciplined employee to work from home, because of the constant distractions from home can cause the employee’s work performance to suffer. Employers must be careful when considering the type of employees they provide that opportunity to. Through teleworking, some employees do get to achieve balance between family and work life.

Fat Tax Essay

Imposing a fat tax on saturated fat, junk foods, sodas, etc. would be best because of many health and money related issues that it could possibly solve. A fat tax could help control many health problems the United States is facing today by giving some incentive to buy healthier foods. Taxing these certain foods may help control the way people eat and in turn change lifestyles to much healthier ones than there are now. The healthier lifestyles would help lower the amount of money spent on health care, in turn saving money. The tax, along with saving the United States money, would also produce large revenue helping to boost the economy and pull out of the debt crisis. Many other countries have begun taxing fatty foods and have produced very nice revenue because of the levies. The tax might pose some problems at first, but in the long run will prevail and produce great gains for the country. In order for a tax to work, it will have to be done correctly. A very organized operation, in which the correct fatty foods would be taxed in order to target certain items which create health problems, would be a start. The United States as a whole is becoming a very unhealthy society because of how Americans eat. Fast food restaurants are part of the main cause because of their affordability and accessibility. It is so easy for people to skip cooking healthy foods and just stop off at McDonalds to grab a quick burger. â€Å"The United States obesity rate has reached up to 34% according to the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention† (Salahi 1). A fat tax could possibly slow the consumption of these fatty foods and fast foods, which in turn would reduce the obesity numbers. Obesity is not all that these fatty foods are causing; there is also heart disease, diabetes, and many others, all of which come about because of behavior. Imposing a tax on the fatty foods that cause these diseases could change the behavior of the consumers (Vijayaraghavan 1). An example of behavior change is gasoline prices, the higher gas prices have changed the types of vehicles being made. If a tax was levied on junk foods, sodas, etc. , there should also be a price drop in fruits, water, and healthier foods, which would push the consumer to buy the healthy foods. If consumers would begin to purchase these healthier foods, the death rate of around 300,000 people per year will drop (Chouinard 22). Studies have shown that the healthier the person, the more productive he/she usually is because of an active lifestyle. The fat tax, if effective, could possibly produce a healthier, happier, and more productive society as a whole. If the country becomes much healthier as a whole, then a lot of government spending would begin depleting causing huge gains in Medicare and Medicaid where costs have doubled in the past ten years. The government could then use that money to put towards other areas needing improvement in health-care. Although taxing certain foods would create large revenue for the nation, as well as decreasing the enormous bills for health care, which citizens are taxed for anyway. â€Å"The Congressional Budget Office predicts, with a three cent tax, a fat tax could produce twenty-four billion dollars within four years† (Salahi 1). That type of revenue could pose great possibilities for both state and federal government funding for other areas needing improvement. Seventeen states in the United States already have certain taxes on junk food which produces somewhere around one billion extra revenue dollars annually. If the United States would impose these taxes nation-wide, that would be an extra fifty billion dollars of revenue to a broken economy and could help the debt crisis immensely (Drinkard 1). As well as producing a large revenue for the country, if effective with obesity, a fat tax would also drop our health-care expenses which are somewhere around one hundred billion dollars per year. The amount of money saved on health-care, combined with the revenue generated by tax dollars, the United States could possibly earn three-hundred billion dollars over a four year period (Salahi 2). The money produced by the taxes would create great opportunities on both state and federal levels. The debt crisis that the United States is facing would begin to deplete and could create new organizations regulating this fat tax in which new jobs would be created. In 1917 the United States imposed a tax similar to this fat tax on sweets and sodas as part of a plan to help pay for involvement of World War I. At that time, the taxes seemed to appear during times of need when money was needed to produce, and it worked. The United States is in a debt crisis, and if the country would impose these taxes on fatty foods it would produce much needed revenue to help pull the country out of debt (Drinkard 4). Many European countries such as France, Denmark and Hungary have already begun instituting a tax on unhealthy food to boast a healthy society and produce revenue. Denmark has setup its fat tax by the percentage of saturated fat in each item. The tax is around three dollars per two and a half pounds of saturated fat. Denmark’s plan was to impose the tax in order to increase the life expectancy average of its citizens by trying to force people to eat healthier (Jaslow). They are trying to force the citizens to avoid the saturated fat because of heart disease and cancer that it can cause. Romania was planning to start a tax on fatty foods that was more complex and was said to raise around seven-hundred million Euros a year. The plan was pushed aside though because of already high and steadily rising food prices. Hungary believes their fat tax will be most effective on peoples buying habits because of its citizen’s low salaries. The people will have to choose the cheaper, healthier foods in order to survive with the amount of money they make. Hungary also plans to levy a 25% extra tax on fatty foods and drinks, and if passed, it will be the first in the world (Cain 2-3). The United States also has had its own versions of this fat tax before on sodas and candy in the early 1900’s, but most only lasted a short while each time they were instituted. In Denmark their plan to tax the saturated fat in order to make people live healthier has backfired on them, and obesity rate has actually increased (Dietriffic 3). Although there are many reasons a fat tax would really help the United States, there are still some grey areas and problems it would pose. First, the government would be controlling how people make some of their decisions. The higher taxes pose a problem for certain companies which produce these fatty foods causing them to slow production which would result in more and more job losses. This country already has too high of an unemployment rate to put itself in a position in which that rate will grow any higher. The debt crisis in the United States is a big problem for the tax as well as unemployment, because now an already struggling society is being taxed. The United States has instituted a tax similar to this before in 1932 and expected to raise around twelve million dollars, but it was overturned after two years because of lack of revenue production and was very unpopular (Drinkard 4). Such a tax would still be unpopular today with people who do not have an obesity problem. They would be taxed trying to solve a problem that has nothing to do with them, and targeting strictly obese people would be immoral. The tax could possibly backfire as well, and the obesity rate would continue to grow larger as people just spent more money on food. There was a study done on smoking bans in bars that showed the drunken driving fatalities increased because people drove further to bars in order to be able to smoke, and that is an example of what might happen with the fat tax. In other words, the fat tax could be passed, and then not necessarily work and just fade out like in the past or could have the opposite effect like it has had on Denmark. There is no actual way to change the eating habits of people; they can only be given incentive to try to change (Montopoli 2). The problem with the tax at this time is taxing people who are already struggling to make ends meet. With the unemployment rate being so high, it is going to be really hard to pass a tax to increase prices on food even more than they already are because humans must eat to live. In a case where the tax causes people not to be able to pay for the high cost of food, then people then the government ends up spending more with food stamps. This result would then make the gains of the fat tax ineffective because the revenue produced would keep up with the government spending caused by the high cost of food. A manufacture’s tax would erase the problem of over taxing citizens, but then could cause the companies to either increase their prices or go under, and turn would create greater unemployment. A fat tax should be imposed in order to first off help with our debt crisis. The revenue that this tax could produce for the United States government could make great gains in the right direction. It could create new jobs in the Government to regulate how this tax is accessed. The health gain that could be possible because of the fat tax would be huge for the country. If the country were able to stop the consumption of these fatty foods and drop the obesity rate, it would help drop government spending in turn also helping with the debt. The obesity rate drops and the production climbs according to health studies. If our production is increased in all areas, that will also help with greater revenue gains (Drinkard 7). To have a healthy society as a whole, would make the country a better place to live in and would boost spirits to a society that is down and out due to a very slow economy. If health-care could move away from studies on obesity and heart disease caused by unhealthy eating habits, then Americans could focus more on different diseases such as cancer. In order for this fat tax to work, it must be setup correctly with much research from others who have imposed similar taxes thus far. If certain foods deemed unhealthy are taxed in order to boast healthy eating habits, then the foods that are healthy need to be subsided that way it really puts some incentive in eating healthy. It is too easy to just stop by a fast food restaurant and grab a quick burger and fries although it is one of the unhealthiest things to do. There must be something extra, subsides on healthy food, in order to change the way people are going to eat. Cigarettes are a good example of how taxing fatty foods would not work; just because you tax something and raise the price is not going to prevent people from buying it. The extra subsides on healthy food give the extra edge for people to buy them which in turn will then create the healthy eating habits (Salahi 1). The most important part of the tax at this time is the amount of revenue it will produce, and the United States needs it desperately. If the revenue is produced according to plan, then it has served its purpose over a four year period and will begin to help with the health issues on its own eventually. It is a serious issue in the United States and needs to be addressed, but it will be a long process to get to that point. The possibilities posed by the fat tax are wonderful and would help the United States greatly.

Human Resource Managements Role As A Strategic Partner

Human Resource Managements Role As A Strategic Partner Increasing Role of Human Resources Management The XXI century is a century of globalized world undergoing rapid changes and technological development. In such conditions organizations have to seek for different ways of maintaining their competitiveness. In the 1990s people started paying significant attention to the human resources and many organizations understood that Human Resources Management can be a very powerful contributor into the organization successful development. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Human Resource Managements Role As A Strategic Partner specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since then a lot of HRM strategies are being successfully implemented, some of them are recruitment and retention, training and development, employee performance management, regulatory compliance, compensation and benefits. HRM In Terms Of Organization Restructuring Many enterprises and firms face the necessity to ope rate in a â€Å"less-cost mode† now, due to different factors including globalization and technology development (Mathis and Jackson, 2007, p.19). A lot of firms try to improve their condition by restructuring the firm, usually by minimizing labor costs and closing facilities, though these measures proved to be quite unsuccessful. Thus, human resources management (HRM) is gaining more popularity becoming a strategic business partner. Sims (2007) stated that it is â€Å"often described as â€Å"having a seat at the table,† and contributing to the strategic directions and success of the organization† (Sims, 2007, p. 31). There are many examples of HRM contributing to the organization success which can be illustrated by BASF (reduced labor costs up to 30%), or Wegman’s Food Markets (reduced product costs but maintained employees’ benefits) (Sims, 2007, p. 31). Recruitment And Retention There are several powerful tools of HRM, which contribute to the organization success, for instance, recruitment and retention. These are primary issues of HRM, since recruitment and retention form the staff of any organization. Recruitment should be implemented in a very thoughtful, precise and professional way. Especially during the organization restructuring it is essential to employ talented professionals who are able to bring the major possible profit for the organization. It goes without saying that professionals should be kept in the staff, and this can be achieved not only by extra payments. For instance, there is a lot of evidence that â€Å"employees and potential employees are more interested in developmental opportunities, especially structured ones† (Torrington et al., 2005, p.362). However, it is necessary to admit that recruitment and retention strategies are often underestimated in terms of HRM especially during organization restructuring.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Training And Development Another very important strategy of HRM deals with employees’ training and development. Bratton and Gold (2001) suggest that they are â€Å"significant if not the pivotal components† of HRM (Bratton Gold, 2001, p.274). Of course, these strategies need some extra funds, which are quite restricted during restructuring. However, Bratton and Gold (2001) point out that, first of all, it will be helpful to replace words â€Å"training costs† with â€Å"investment†, this can enable people involved â€Å"to take a longer-term view, particularly with respect to the outcomes† of these strategies (Bratton Gold, 2001, p.274). Moreover, technology development, globalization and never stopping changes have brought into forefront the necessity to keep organization staff up-to-date to these constant changes. Thus, a lot of organizations pay significant attention to these strategies. Employee Performance Management Employee performance management is one of the most effective HRM strategies during the restructuring, since it depicts all the major goals and principle of work for each employee. Armstrong (2006) defines that â€Å"the overall aim† of this strategy is â€Å"to establish a high performance culture in which individuals and teams take responsibility for the continuous improvement of business processes† (Armstrong, 2006, p.496). Thus, each employee has the definite scope of what is being expected from him/her. Armstrong (2006) adds that performance management should be based on such basic element as â€Å"agreement, measurement, feedback, positive reinforcement and dialogue† (Armstrong, 2006, p.496). These elements are especially valuable during restructuring, since organization management should not only set some overrated expectations, thus, all of the above mentioned elements should be present to enable emp loyee be committed to following the necessary performance. Regulatory Compliance Regulatory compliance is another strategy which can be implemented during restructuring. This is quite effective regulatory strategy which can identify efficiency of each employee. During organization restructuring it is very important to define whether all the employees comply with the major goals of the organization and overall organization expectations. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Human Resource Managements Role As A Strategic Partner specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, this strategy implementation can meet strong opposition among the staff. Thus, Beardwell and Claydon (2007) argue that for small firms regulatory compliance may be very challenging, sometimes leading to negative results (Beardwell Claydon, 2007, p.480). It is necessary to add that this cannot diminish the importance and value of this HRM strategy. Compensations And Benefits. The most popular strategies of HRM are compensations and benefits. Reportedly, these strategies can motivate employees and potential employees during recruitment and retention, though, quite insignificantly; since as mentioned above employees can be more motivated by structural development. IT is also necessary to admit that during restructuring, implementation of these HRM strategies can be reduced. There are also some options of these strategies. Bratton and Gold (2001) suggest new models of compensations and benefits: cafeteria-style benefits, when employees can choose the appropriate benefit from the list provided by organization management (Bratton Gold, 2006, p.263). However, during restructuring it will be more effective to motivate employees, implementing other strategies. The Most Effective HRM Strategies Thus, it is possible to conclude that the most effective HRM strategies which can be implemented during organization restructuring are recru itment and retention, training and development, regulatory compliance, employee performance management. At the same time such strategies as compensation and benefits can be superfluous in terms of organization restructuring. Reference List Armstrong, Michael. (2006). A Handbook Of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Beardwell, J., Claydon, T. (2007). Human Resource Management: A Contemporary Approach. Harlow: Pearson Education. Bratton, J. and Gold, J. (2001).Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice. London New York: Routledge.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Mathis, R.L., Jackson, J.H. (2007). Human Resource Management. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Sims, R.R. (2007). Human Resource Management: Contemporary Issues, Challenges, And Opportunities. Charlotte, NC: IAP. Torrington, D., Hall, L., Taylor, S. (2005). Human Resource Management. Harlow: Pearson Education.

Business Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Cultures - Essay Example These beliefs and expectations produce norms that powerfully shape the behaviour of individuals and groups within the organization† (Schwartz and Davis 33).2 From an employee’s standpoint it would simply be â€Å"the way we see and do things around here.†3 In 1985, noted writer Charles Handy, in his book Understanding Organizations, drew inspiration from Roger Harrison’s (1972) work to link organizational structure to business culture and elucidated Harrison’s four types of business cultures. This culture is centered around a strong leader, who wields all the power and influences the company culture with his personality. For example, Jack Welch (former CEO of General Electric) and Rupert Murdoch (News Corporation). At times businesses are dominated by the owner/founder, for example, Michael O’Leary (Ryanair) and Richard Branson (Virgin). Its structure is usually represented by a web. Dramatic changes can be made to make the business successful as the leader has no opposition. Fair and firm leaders distribute resources equally and are generous to loyalists. As there is no need for consultation and few rules, quick decision making is possible helping businesses react fast to fluid market situations. Fear rules, and there is abuse of power and political intrigue. As only one individual is making decisions, he could make an error in judgment affecting the organization’s success. There is low motivation, high turnover, and poor loyalty among staff, who feel undervalued because of the prevalent inequality. Subordinates work to patronizing their managers to get rewarded. The second level of management is underdeveloped since powers are not delegated. The web can break if the organization becomes too complex and big. In role culture (previously termed â€Å"bureaucracy†), businesses are split into various functions, and every individual has predetermined roles, with a clear reward system. Usually found in large hierarchical organizations with

Journal paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Journal paper - Essay Example There is, therefore, need to find a viable and cheaper means to handle the illness. The implication of this research is that cinnamon could be used alongside other forms of treatments to regulate blood pressure and blood glucose in type 2 diabetes patients. This experiment was conducted according to proper scientific method. First, it has a hypothesis to be tested (Kumar, 2005). The experiment aims to prove that cinnamon may be used to lower blood pressure and glucose in type 2 diabetes patients. Secondly, the experiment uses scientific methods of collecting data. These are sampling, observation, description and the use of measurements (Kumar, 2005). It has a sample of 58 respondents on an intake 2g of cinnamon every day for 12 weeks. An observation is made at the end of the 12 weeks. However, additional research is needed to establish the efficacy of cinnamon in lowering blood pressure and blood glucose in type 2 diabetes patients. Further experiments are needed to establish the compatibility of cinnamon with other dietary options for managing diabetes. Therefore, further experiments need to administer cinnamon alongside other dietary options. Nevertheless, this research is useful in the management of type 2